Literature
The review behind the way of thinking, the method and the three method proposals: 15 threads and 387 sources, each marked with what is known about it.
How to read the marks. checked an auditor confirmed author, year, title and venue on a page it saw. corrected real, but a link or label was wrong; the correction is shown. not re-checked a scout saw it, nobody else did. recalled, unverified a lead only. 285 of the 387 were re-checked.
The way of thinking (Hola)
- Holons, hierarchy and scaleIs a holarchy a defensible structure for research, given the critiques of hierarchy and scale? 25 sources
- Systems, observers and levelsSecond-order cybernetics, recursion, boundary critique: what already says state the level and no observer judges itself. 20 sources
- Lived experience, ambiguity, timeAmbiguity as data, and time as the unit of space. 25 sources
- Diagrams, notation and drawingWhat makes a diagram a finding and not an illustration. 25 sources
- Epistemic safeguardsPattern-finding, suspicion, rigour and researcher safety. 25 sources
The method (Gram)
- Unconventional methodsWalking, drift, fiction and practice, and how they earned legitimacy. 24 sources
- Ballard, theory-fiction, Ballard in urban studiesHow Ballard has been used as a method, and how it fails. 25 sources
- Synthetic agents and collective intelligenceEvidence on models as research instruments, round one. 25 sources
- Synthetic hands: round twoObjections, AI as critic, the Science paper, the Alter role. 69 sources
- Synthetic agents in governmentDisclosure and accountability formats, and what governments are doing. 20 sources
Proposal: cities
- Documents and the planning textHow to read a planning document as a text and tie it to the ground. 25 sources
- Cities: plan and placeThe plan-place gap, AI in participation, and candidate first-study places. 19 sources
Proposal: strategy making
- Strategy makingStrategy as text, cascade, scenarios, and the gap between talk and action. 20 sources